Pump



April 10, 1928. 1,665,675

4 A. E. PAIGE PUMP Fild March 24. 1926 3 Sheets- $116M 1 L l. I/L

AIGE PUMP Filed March 24. 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 2 April 10, 1928.1,665,675

A. E. PAIGE PUMP Filed March 24- 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Apr. 10,1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR E. PAIGE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Application filed March 24, 1926. Serial No. 96,935.

extrusion of colloids, such as the thiocar bonate of cellulose known asviscose, through a spinneret orifice, into a coagulating me-- dium suchas an aqueous solution containing sulphuric or hydrochloric acid.

The conditions under which such pumping must be eiiected imposedifliculties which are not experienced in pumping any other material.For instance,.first, viscose is an unstable compound which is not onlynormally extremely viscous, buttends to increase in viscosity andquickly coagulates to an approximately solid consistency if heated bythe pumping operation. Second, although primarily rendered of uniformconsistency, viscose not only then has an abrading action upon anysurface over which it is forced, but rapidly precipitates what aretermed viscoids, which appear'in the normal viscose as particles of notonly greater viscosity, but having greater abrasive effect upon thesurfaces traversed. Third, the size of the filament is detern'iined bythe rate at which the viscose is forced through the spinneret. Fourth,the desired uniformity in diameter' of the filament is only attainableby continuous maintenance of a predetermined rate of discharge; anyfluctuation in such rate being manifested by corresponding dili'erencesin the diameter of the filament throughout its length, rendering thelatter commercially undesirable. Fifth, the volume of viscose to bedelivered to such a spinneret per unit of time is so extremely smallthat even slight irregularities in the delivering til capacity of thepump are in fact high per centages of the total volume. For instance,the largest filament for which there is a. present demand is what istermed an artificial horsehair of 450 denier,-uscd for forming millinerybraids and similar fabrics, and to form such a filament a spinneret mustbe supplied with viscose at a uniform rate of not more than thirteen andone-half cubic centimeters per minute. Sixth, the rate of discharge ofviscose through the spinneret must be susceptible of accurate adjustmentand, variation to produce filaments of differcnt sizes. Heretofore, suchadjustment has been effected by operating the pumps at respectivelydifferent rates of speed; necessitating changes in the gearingconnections for actuating the pumps for each change in the desiredeflective capacity.

Various attempts were made to supply such a spinneret by means of pumpsof the reciprocatory plunger type. Even when made of hardened steel withextreme accuracy, such pumps only operate properly for a brief time, asthe plunger-s and their casings become abraded, with consequent loss ofcapacity and irregularity in delivery. Therefore, recently, attemptswere made to use pumps of the type including a pair of intermeshedgears, which carrythe viscose in the spaces between their teeth.However, even when made of hardened steel; such pumps quicklydeteriorate from abrasion at the side surfaces of the gears in the pumpchamber, with consequent loss of capacity and irregularity of delivery.Moreover, even slight wear upon the pistons of pumps of the first typeand the gears of pumps of the second type aforesaid are.manifested byweal; spots in the filaments formed by the occlusion in the filament ofbubbles of air which is drawn into the viscose through the leaks in thepumps.

Moreover, in order to vary.the quantity of viscose delivered by suchpumps, in accordance with the diameter of the filament to be extruded,it is necessary to provide in the volumetric capacity of a pump chamher, without sliding movement of any part thereof; such changes beingefi'ected by flexing a diaphragm which is a wall of said chamber. In theform of my invention hereinafter described, such flexure is efiected bya cam on a rotary shaft which also positively operates valvescontrolling an inlet port and an outlet port of said chamber; so that asthe capacity of said chamber is increased by outward flexure of its Wallaforesaid, viscose cose supply main which is common to a plutendingtransverse-1y thereto and in 'commu-- wall is reflexed, a charge ofviscose is forced .from said chamber toward the spinneret;

Moreover, the effective capacity of the pump is variable, either byvarying the stroke of said diaphragm, or by manipulation of a valve.

My invention includes the various novel features of construction andarrangement hereinafter more definitely specified.

In said drawings; Fig. I is an end elevation of a pump and itsconnections with a -viscose supply pipe and driving gearing.

Fig. II is a longitudinal vertical sectional view, Fig.,III is atransverse vertical sectional view, taken on the line III, III inFig.'II. Fig. IV is a transverse vertical sectional view, taken on theline IV, IV in Fig. II. Fig. Vis a transverse sectional view, taken onthe line V, V in Fig. II. Fig. VI is a longitudinal vertical sectionalview of a modified form of my invention, in connection with a viscosesupply pipe and driving gearing. Fig. VII 1s a transverse verticalsectional view, taken on the line VII, VII in- Fig. VI. Figs. VIII andIX are fragmen tary sectional views of the valve casing showingrespectively different forms of valves and ports.

In Figures I to V inclusive; 1 is the vis rality of pumps, of. which butone is shown, and which is arranged to independently supply them withviscose through respective supply ports 2 which are, conveniently,drilled holes in the wall of said conduit.' The pump casing 4 has anarched base 5 fitted over said conduit 1 andis arranged to be rigidlyconnected therewith by the clamp plate 6 which is secured by the bolts 7and nuts 8, which bolts extend through the flanges 9 on said casing 4and through the flanges 10 on said clamp plate 6. Said casing 4 has theinlet 11 adapted to register with said supply port 2 and maintained inliquid tight relation therewith by the annular gasket 12 whichlisconveniently formed of rubber interposed between said conduit 1 and saidcasing 4 and fitted in the seat 14 in the latter. Said-inlet 11 isconveniently formed as a drilled hole extending into the pump chamber.15 in said casing 4, which has the outlet port '16 also convenientlyformed as a drilled hole extending through said casing 4 to the closureseat 18 in which is detachably fitted the closure 19 which isconveniently formed of soft rubber, which is compressed upon saidconduit 1, like .the gasket 12, to normally close said outlet port atthat end. However, said port 16 has the branch 20 ex-= nication with theconduit 21 leading to the spinneret 22, and arranged to be controlled.

sisting of the pair of jam nuts 50 engaging by the screw needle valve 23taken on the line '11, II in Fig. 1.

Said pump chamber 15 has thev flexiblewall 24 conveniently formed ofacircular diaphragm of thin sheet metal, for instance, spring tempered,steel, which is fitted against the annularsoft rubber gasket 25 in theannular seat 26 in said casing 4 in which it is secured by the retainingring 27 which has a circumferential screw thread 28 in engagement withthe corresponding thread in said casing 4. Said diaphragm 24is arrangedto be flexed by the rotary cam 30 which is a cylindrical body rigidlyconnected in eccentric relation with the rotary shaft 31, convenientlyby the tapered pin 32. Said eccentric is preferably provided with theannular shoe 34 in coaxial relation therewith,

and anti-friction rollers 35 interposed between said cam and shoe; sothat the latter may remain stationary in its contact .with saiddiaphragm 24, while said cam rotates; although said shoe is capableofrotation. Such arrangement minimizes the wear upon said diaphragm. Theoscillating effect of said cam upon said diaphragm may be varied bylongitudinaladjustment of the wedge 37 which is interposed between saiddiaphragm 24 and said shoe 34 and secured in adjusted position by thescrew 38 which extends through the slot 39 in said wedge, intoengagement with said casing 4.

It is to be understood that with said wedge in a given position ofadjustment, the oscillatory effect of said cam 30 upon said diaphragm 24remains constant and, of course,

such wedge adjustment may be omitted and the cam be arranged to bearupon said diaphragm 24 directly or through the medium of said shoe 34.

In either case; when said diaphragm 24 is in its normal plane position,indicated in Fig. II, the volumetric capacity of said pum chamber 15 isat its maximum, but isreducedto the extent that said diaphragm is flexedinwardlyby the oscillatory action of said cam. To render suchoscillatory movement of the diaphragm 24 effective to intake and expelliquid with respect to said pump chamber 15; I provide said inlet port11 and said outlet port 16, leading to and from said pump chamber 15,with respective rotary valves 41 and 42 which are conveniently formedalike. as conical frustrums,-

veniently by splines 46, so as to be positively rotated by said shaft.However, said valve 41is rigidly connected with said shaft 31,,by thesetscrew 47 whereas, said valve 42 is free to slide axially upon saidshaft 31 but is pressed into its seat by the spring 48 which encirclessaid shaft 31 and is detachably secured thereon by a removable abutmenton said shaft 31, conveniently consaid valve 41 into its seat, by axialt st on said shaft 31 to the right in Fig. II.

Sa1d valves 41 and 42are provided with respective ports 52 and 53 whichare grooves cut sectorally in the respective circumferences thereof, asshown respectively in Figs; IV and V. Although said valves 41 and 42 arealike, they are set upon said shaft 31 so that when the port 52 in thevalve 41 establishes communication between said suppl pipe 1 and saidpump chamber 15, as indicated in Fig. IV; said valve 42 closes said port16 as indicated in Fig. V, and vice versa. Said cam is so set upon saidshaft 31, in relation to said valves 41 and 42, that when said inletport 11 is opened by said valve 41, and said outlet port 16 closed bysaid valve 42, said diaphragm 24 is permitted to assume its outermostposition to suck viscose into said chamber-15, and, when said inlet port11 is closed by said valve 41 and said outlet port 16 is vopened by saidvalve 42, said diaphragm 24 is flexed to eject the viscose from saidchamber toward the spinneret 22.

I find it convenient .to arrange the structure aforesaid so that thedisplacement of viscose in said pump chamber 15, effected by theoscillation of said, diaphragm 24, may be of constant volume, but theeffective displacement of viscose from said chamber to.

said spinneret may be minutely and accurately adjustably varied; byproviding said casing 4 with the bypass port 55 which is,

conveniently formed by two drilled'holes extending in transverserelation in said casing 4; said bypa'ss port being in communication withsaid conduit 1 through the portion of said inlet port between saidconduit, 1 and the valve seat 43, as shown in Fig. IVand extending intosaid chamber 15, aside from said seat.- Said bypass 55 is providedwiththe valve 58, which is conveniently of the 'needlescrew type; wherebythe effective area of said bypass port 55 maybe adjustably varied fromzero to its maximum; with the effect of correspondingly varying thedischarge of viscose from the pump toward the spinneret. c 7

Of course, variation in the volume of liquid delivered by the pump witha given stroke of the diaphragm 24 may be effected by rotary adjustmentof the valve 41 on the shaft 31; so that the inlet port is left open,more or less, during the compression stroke of said diaphragm.Therefore, the volume of liquid delivered bysaid pump at each stroke ofsaid diaphragm 24 maybe varied either by changing the effect of the cam30 upon'said diaphragm, by adjustment of said wedge 37 or by adjustmentof the inlet valve 41, or byadjustment of the bypass valve 58.

I find it convenient to rotate saidshaft 31 lever arm 65 which is hungupon said shaft- 31 by its hub 66 and has the arcuate slot 68 inconcentric relation with said shaft 31 to receive the set screw 69 whichextends through saidslot into engagement with said casing 4, Said arm 65is normally rigidly secured, in the position indicated in Fig. I,-

with said gear 63 in mesh with the driving gear 71 on the driving shaft7 2 which may be provided with a series of similar gears 71.

for engagement with a series of pumps con-.

structed and arranged as above described. However, it is to beunderstood that by loosening said screw 69, said rock arm 65 may beturned from its normal position to withdraw the intermediate gear 63from the driving gear 71 with which it is norn'ially connected, so thatany-pump in the-series may be thus instantly rendered idle.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. VI and VII; the pump casing73, which is otherwise constructed and arranged like said pump casing 4,has the pump chamber 15 provided with the hnnular seat 74 for thediaphragm 24 recessed ,in the outer wall thereof, and the cam 30 isarranged to flex said diaphragm by means of the'yoke 76 which encirclessaid cam and diaphragm and is preferably provided with the renewableshoe 77 for wearing contact with said cam, and has the set screw 79which is axially adjustable toward and away from said diaphragm andprovided with the jamv nut 80 bywhich it may be secured in'adjustedposition. Said diaphragm is preferably provided with the cup 81 toreceive the end of said screw 79, and the latter may be adjusted to varythe effect of said cam 30 upon said i diaphragm 24 and thus varythe'rate of discharge of viscose from said pump chamber.

The pins 83 and 84 carried by the shaft 31 in Fig- VI in engagement withnotches 85 and 86 in the respective rotary valves 41 and 42, may besubstituted for the splines 46 as means for positively rotating saidvalves while maintaining them in the proper relative rotary position.Both of said valves 41 and 42 may be free to slide axially upon saidshaft 31, to and from engagement with said pins, but are pressed intotheir seats by the spring 48 which encircles said shaft 31 and isdetachably secured thereon by the nuts 50. However, said spring may beomit:

ted and said valves be directly and -posi-.

tively pressed into their seats by adjustment of said nuts.

Of course, such intermediate gears 63 and their supporting levers may beomitted, and the pump gears 60 directly connected with the driving gears71; in which case, any pump may be rendered idle by loosening the nuts 8011 the bolts 7 and slightly turning the pump casing4 upon the supplyconduit 1. In either case, the individual pumps may be adjusted orrepaired without interference with the operation of any other pump inthe series to which said conduit 1 and driving shaft 72 are common.

All of the metal parts which come in contact with the viscose arepreferably made of ferric metal. However, the valve plugs may be ofsofter metal than their casing, or be formed of bakelite or similarnon-corrosive material, so that the wear is concentrated upon them andthey may be cheaply replaced.-

Fig. VlII shows a form of valve and cooperative ports arranged to openand close once per revolution, whereas, Fig. IX shows 'a form of valveand ports ar 'anged to open and close twice-per revolution. The cam 30would have two crests to' operate the diaphragm 24 in conjunction withsuch valves as shown in Fi IV, but said cam would have but one crest,and may be merely an eccentric cylinder, to cooperate with valves suchas shown in Fi VIII.

Therefore, I do not desire. to limit myself to the details ofconstruction and arrangement herein set forth, as it is obvious thatvarious modifications may be made therein, without departing from theessential features of my invention, as defined inthe appended claims.

I claim: 1. In a pump; the combination with; a casing having an inletport and means arranged to connect a conduit therewith; said inlet portextending from said conduit into a pump'chamber in said 'casing; anoutlet port from said chamber extending'through said casing; .aflexiblemetallic diaphragm I fitted in said casing as a wall of saidpumap chamber; rotary valves titted -1n corrcspon ing seats in saidcasing, which are 1n coaxlal relation and respectively local .to saidinlet;

port and outlet port; each of said valves hav .ing a port; a shaftextending through said valves and operatively connected.t herewithtoturn them; means connecting said valves in predetermined relative rotarypositlon upon said shaft; means arranged to press said valves towardtheir seats in compens'ation for wear; and a cam on said shaftinco-operative relation. with said diaphragm,

arranged to flex said diaphragm inwardly to reduce the volumetriccapacity ofsaid pump chamber when said inlet valve is closed and saidoutlet valve opened and vice versa; means arranged to rotate said shaft;a by-.

'pass arranged to establish communication between said conduit and saidpump chamber; independently of said mletvalve; and' means arranged tovary theefiectlve area of mamas chamber; rotary valves titted incorresponding seats in said casing, which are in coaxialrelation andrespectively local to sa1d 1nlet port and outlet port; each of sa dValves having a port; a shaft extendingv through said valves andoperatively connected therewith to turn them; means connectmgfisaidvalves in predetermined relative rotary po-' sition upon said shaft;means arranged to press said valves toward their seats in compensationfor wear; and a cam on said shaft in co-operating relation with saiddiaphraguuarrangcd to flex said diaphragm in,-'

wardly to reduce the volumetric capacity of said-pump chamber when saidinlet valve is closed and said outlet valve opened and vice versz; andmeans arranged to rotate said shaft. a

3. In a pump the combination with a casing inclosing a pump chamber, andhaving a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of means arranged toopen and ClOSB'Silld ports in-alternation, including rotary conical plugvalves fitted, in axial alinement, in complementary seats in said casingrespectively local to said ports; ashaft connecting said valves inpredetermined relative circumferential positions; means tending torelatively axially shift said valves, to compensate for wear between thevalves and their seats,l

including a .spring encircling said shaft and an abutment on said shaftfor said. spring; and'means arranged'to alternately.

increase and diminish the volumetric capacity of said chamber, indefinite relation witli'the operationof said valves, including a wall insaid chamber which is secured m1 substantially stationary relation withsaid casing at its perimeter. and flexible interme diate of its area;and means arranged to flex said wall, including .a cam. carried by saidshaft between said valves;- and-means arranged to rotate said shaft.

4. In" a pump; the combi tion with a casing inclosing a pump.chambefl-and having a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of

-means arranged to open andclose said ports 'in alternation. ncludnagrotary valves fitted,

in"axial alinement, 'in'seats in said-c%ing respectively local to saldports; a rotary shaft connecting said valves l'n-predeterto alternatelyincrease and diminish the relation with the operation of saidvalves,

volumetric capacity of said chamber in delinite relation with theoperation of said valves, including a flexible wall in said chamber,substantially stationary at its perimeter; and means arranged to flexsaid wall, including a cam carried by said shaft 'and means arranged torotate said shaft.

5. In a pump; the combination with a cas-' inginclosing a pump chamber,fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of valves arranged to open andclose said ports in alternation; a rotary shaft. arranged to operatesaid valves; and means arranged to alternately increase and diminish the,volumetric capacity of said chamber in definite including a flexiblewall in said chamber; and means arranged to flex said wall, including-acam carried by said shaft; and means arranged to rotate said shaft,including a gear on said shaft, a driving gear in spaced relation withsaid first gear, and an inter mediate gear between said other gears;said intermediate gear being adjust-ably movable to alternately connectand disconnect said driving gear with said pump.

6. In a pump; the combination with a easing inclosing a pump chamber,and having a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of valves arrangedto open and close said ports in alternation; a shaft arranged to operatesaid valves; and means arranged to alternately increase anddiminish thevolumetric capacity of said chamber in definite relation with theoperationof said valves, including a flexible wall in said chamber;means arranged to flex said wall, by rotation of,

said shaft; and means arranged to rotate said shaft, including a gear onsaid shaft, an intermediate gear continually in mesh with said shaftgear, and means whereby said intermediate gear may be shifted, in-itsplane. to alternately engage and dis engage a driving gearf 5 i 7. In apump the combination with a casing inclosing a pump chamber, and havinga fluid inlet port and fluid outlet-port; of valves arranged to openandclose said ports in alternation; means arranged to positively operatesaid valves; and means arranged to alternately increase and diminish thevolumetric capacity of said chamber in definite relation with theoperation of said valves, includinga flexible wall in said chamber, andmeans arranged'to flex said wall,.includ1ng a train of gearing, movableto alternately render said pump operative and inoperative.

8. In a viscose pump, the combination and having a with a pump casinghaving a base with a pump chamber recessed in one side thereof and aconduit at the ;opposite side thereof; of means securing said,ci sing tosaid conduit; said casing having an inlet port extending from saidconduit into a pump .chamber in said casing and an outlet. port shaftbetween said valves; a yoke between said cam and diaphragm, having meansadustable toward and away from said diaphragm, and arranged 'to flex.said diaphragm inwardly to reduce the volumetric capacity of said pumpchamber when said inlet valve is closed and said outlet valve opened,and vice versa; and means arranged to rotate said shaft; wherebyrotation of said cam and inlet and outlet valves causes pulsatorydisplacement of the liquid in said pump chamber at a rate which-isconstant but variable by adjustment of said yoke.

9.'In a viscose pump, the combination with a pump casing having a basewith a pump chamber recessed in one side thereof.

and aconduit at the opposite side thereof; of means securing said casingto said conduit; said casinghaving an inlet port extending from saidconduit into a pump chamber in said casing and an outlet port from saidchamber; a flexible diaphragm fitted as a Wall of said pump chamber;means securing the margin of said diaphragm in liquid tight relationwith said casing; rotary valves fitted in corresponding seats in saidcasing, which are incoaxial relation'and respectively local to saidinlet port and outlet port; a shaft extending through said valve plugsandoperatively connected therewith to turn them; means on said shaft,arranged to press said valves towardtheir seats, in compensation forWear casing inclosing a pump chamber and having two oppositely inclinedaxially alined conical valve seats and fluid inlet ports upon oppositesides of one Valve seat and fluid out-let ports upon opposite sides ofthe other valve seat; of conical valves arranged to open and close saidports in alteration; means arranged to positively operate said valves,in-

cluding a shaft common to both of them 10 upon which said valves arerelatively axially meagre adjustable; and means arranged to alternatelyincrease anddiminish the volumetric capacity of said chamber in definiterelation

